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Location of the Mariana Trench The Mariana Trench or Marianas Trench is located in the western Pacific Ocean about 200 kilometres east of the Mariana Islands, and has the deepest natural trench in the world. It is a crescent-shaped trough in the Earth's crust averaging about 2,550 km long and 69 km wide. The maximum known depth is 10,994 metres at the southern end of a small slot-shaped valley in its floor known as the Challenger Deep. #10 Who has explored it?          The   HMS Challenger expedition   (1873 to 1876) was the first to sample hadal depths – having collected sediment from about 8 km – although it could not confirm whether or not the sediment was merely the remnants of shallower animals. The 1901   Princess Alice   expedition   successfully trawled specimens from over 6 km. However, it was a 1948   Swedish expedition, which successfully trawled a variety of species from 7 km to 8 km in the Puerto Rico Trench, that finally proved that

When the Empire State Building in New York City was completed in 1931 it was thetallest building in the World at a height of 1,250 feet, and it kept that unique distinction as the tallest building in the World for the next four decades, until the North Tower of the World Trade Center was completed in 1971 a short distance away. The Empire State is America’s favorite building according to the American Institute of Architects, it was ranked first place in their list of America’s favorite architecture in 2010, and it’s iconic history and status epitomizes the United States as the early home of the biggest skyscrapers. But the biggest skyscrapers of the 21st century are being built a long way from America, the middle-East and Asia is where the new generation of tallest buildings are reaching for the sky, and the race to build the tallest skyscraper of all has never been so hotly contested. The Empire State building is now only the 34th tallest building in the World, but it’s unlik